以《逃离》、《激情》、《播弄》为例分析门罗笔下女性命运的选择毕业论文

 2021-04-07 05:04

摘 要

艾丽丝·门罗是当代短篇小说大师,短篇小说集《逃离》是其代表作。本文将从其中三篇即《逃离》、《激情》、《播弄》入手,以主人公在命运关头的选择为切入点,分析人物做出不同选择的内在原因以及如何在现实世界中寻找突破口,如何更好地生活。本文引言部分介绍门罗的文学成就,指出其作品主要描写女性的成长和生活。正文由三部分构成:第一章为逃离家庭,包括卡拉逃离母亲继父、格雷斯逃离舅公舅婆、若冰逃离姐姐,家是逃离的起点,当家人成为一种束缚、枷锁,身处其中的人便会想尽办法逃离。第二章为逃离爱人,卡拉逃离丈夫克拉克、格雷斯逃离男友莫里、若冰逃离爱人丹尼尔, 爱情不会停留在一见钟情的美好中,每对爱人都需要经历生活的考验,久处之下总会面临个性冲突等诸多问题,无法继续便只能逃离。第三章为寻找出路,卡拉回归婚姻生活、格雷斯离开特拉弗斯一家、若冰寄情于工作,逃离并非终点,总是以寻找出路作结,女人总有内在的力量让自己生活下去。最后总结全文,点明主题,认为女性在命运关头要顺从内心做出选择,并对自己的选择负责,好好生活。

关键词:艾丽丝·门罗;《逃离》;《激情》;《播弄》;女性命运

An Analysis of the Choice of Female Destiny in Munro by

Runaway, Passion and Tricks

ABSTRACT

Alice Munro is a contemporary short story master, short story collection Runaway is her masterpiece. This article will start from three of them, namely, Runaway, Passion, Tricks to start with the hero's choice of fate as the starting point, analyze the characters to make different choices of internal reasons and how to find a breakthrough in the real world, how to live better. The introduction of this article describes the literary achievements of Munro, pointing out that her works mainly describe the growth and life of women. The text consists of three parts: the first chapter for the escape from the family, including Kara fleeing the mother and stepfather, Grace fled uncle and aunt, Robin fled sister, home is the starting point of escape, when the family became a shackle, yoke, in which the people will try every means to flee. The second chapter to escape the lover, Kara to escape her husband Clark, Grace fled her boyfriend Morrie, Robin escaped the lover Daniel, love will not stay in love at first sight, each pair of lovers need to experience the test of life, will face a lot of personality conflicts and other issues, once they could not continue they have to escape. The third chapter is to find a way out, Kala returned to marital life, Grace left the Traverse family, Robin sent to work, escape is not the end, always looking for a way to make a knot, the woman always have the inner power to make their own life. Finally summed up the full text, point out the theme, that women in the fate of the moment to be obedient to make a choice, and their own choice is responsible for a better life.

Key words:Alice Munro; Runaway; Passion; Tricks; female destiny

目 录

引言 . - 1 -

1 逃离家庭 .............................................................................................................................................. - 3 -

1.1 卡拉逃离母亲继父.................................................................................................................... - 3 -

1.2 格雷斯逃离舅公舅婆................................................................................................................ - 4 -

1.3 若冰逃离姐姐 ........................................................................................................................... - 4 -

2 逃离爱人 .............................................................................................................................................. - 6 -

2.1 卡拉逃离丈夫克拉克................................................................................................................ - 6 -

2.2 格雷斯逃离男友莫里................................................................................................................ - 7 -

2.3 若冰逃离爱人丹尼尔................................................................................................................ - 8 -

3 寻找出路 ............................................................................................................................................ - 10 -

3.1 卡拉回归婚姻生活.................................................................................................................. - 10 -

3.2 格雷斯离开特拉弗斯一家...................................................................................................... - 10 -

3.3 若冰寄情于工作 ..................................................................................................................... - 12 -

结 论 ...................................................................................................................................................... - 13 -

致 谢 ...................................................................................................................................................... - 15 -

参考文献 .................................................................................................................................................. - 16 -

引言

艾丽丝·门罗(Alice Munro)是加拿大著名短篇小说女作家,2013 年诺贝尔文学奖得主,1931 年出生于加拿大安大略省,她一生中大部分时间都在这个安静的城市生活。门罗的小说一般都描写城市郊区小镇中上演的平民爱情以及家庭生活琐碎,笔法简单朴素却细腻地刻画出平淡生活真实的面貌,给人带来真挚深沉的情感体验,曾被称为当代的“契诃夫”。迄今为止,已出版了十四部短篇小说集, 先后获得加拿大总督文学奖、吉勒文学奖、英联邦作家奖、全美书评人协会奖以及布克国际文学奖等,2013 年成为诺贝尔文学奖历史上第十三位女性获得者。虽然门罗未曾宣称过自己是女性主义作家,然而不可否认的是,她的作品大部分都采用了女性视角,描写的多是不同身份、不同年龄段的女性主人公的日常生活。她的早期创作中,描写了一些成长中的以及刚刚进入家庭生活的女孩子,为爱情、性、背叛、家庭、孩子、工作等苦恼;到后期,则是在中年危机和琐碎生活中挣扎抗争的女性,她们仍有欲望和遗憾,有着一往无前的勇气同时也有着无可奈何的妥协。

《逃离》是门罗的代表作,收录了八篇短篇小说,集中体现了门罗的文学造诣。八篇作品分别是《逃离》、《机缘》、《匆匆》、《沉寂》、《激情》、《侵犯》、《播弄》、《法力》。作品从不同角度讲述了一群女人关于逃离的经历,主人公有姑娘、已婚的妇人、单身的女教师、小镇女护士等,她们在寻常生活中寻找出口,渴望通过逃离让自己的生活重获生机,但在故事最后,主人公的逃离大多数未能如愿, 不得不回归生活原来的轨道。作者通过看似不经意的视角转换、节奏变化、悬念设置使平凡的故事有了生命力和艺术感染力。《逃离》就像一扇窗子,通过精巧的语言,展现女主人公们的生老病死、喜怒哀乐、酸甜苦辣、人生百味,倾注了作者对女性命运的关怀,并引起读者的思考与共鸣。

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