摘 要

《龙龛手镜》是辽宋时期的一部重要字书，此书广泛搜集了字书、韵书、佛经写本和各种佛经音义材料，在俗字研究、文献解读、字形字义发展研究等方面具有重要价值。

《四声篇海》是在综合《玉篇》《类篇》《龙龛手镜》等字书的基础上而成的一部大型字典，收字庞杂，收入大量异体字和冷僻字，并且创新了汉字检索的方法，将部首和按韵排列两种方法综合起来。随着对字形、字音、字义等研究的发展深入以及对疑难俗字考释研究的展开，此书逐渐得到重视。但是《四声篇海》成书也存在着诸多的问题，其一便是在引用《龙龛手镜》等字书内容时出现了大量讹化，极其不利于《四声篇海》的使用，对相关文字和字书研究产生了负面影响。虽然后世在对《四声篇海》进行梳理过程中对部分讹化字进行了校对，但由于缺少全面系统的整理校勘，校对并不严谨，在取字上仍存在不少问题。

本课题通过对《四声篇海》引《龙龛手镜》部分与传世《龙龛手镜》进行对比研究，综合利用文字学、音韵学、训诂学等相关知识，发现《四声篇海》引用

《龙龛手镜》内容的传抄讹误，并将传抄时出现的问题加以整理、分类、总结， 并从字音、字形、字义等方面加以论述，阐释对后代字书产生的负面影响。

关键词：《四声篇海》；《龙龛手镜》；讹误

A Study on The Copying Erorrs of Citation to

Longkanshoujing in Sishengpianhai

ABSTRACT

Longkanshoujing 龙龛手镜 is an important calligraphy book in Liao and Song dynasties, this book has collected a wide range of calligraphy, rhyming dictionary, Buddhist sutras written text and a variety of Buddhist sutras audio and semantic materials. It is of great value in the study of common characters, the interpretation of literature, and the development of Chinese characters.

Sishengpianhai 四声篇海 is a large dictionary based on the combination of Yupian

玉篇, Leipian 类篇, Longkanshoujing and other calligraphy books. It received a large number of miscellaneous words, include the income of a large number of different characters and rare words, and it innovates the method of Chinese character retrieval, combine the radical and rhyme arrangement. The book is gaining in importance with the development of the research on the form, sound and meaning of characters and the

development of the research on the interpretation of difficult and trivial characters. However, there are many problems in Sishengpianhai. One is that there are a lot of inaccuracies in quoting the content of calligraphy books such as Longkanshoujing, it is extremely unfavorable to the use of Sishengpianhai, and it has had the negative influence to the correlation writing and the calligraphy research. Although people have proofread some of the inaccurated characters in the process of combing Sishengpianhai, there are still many problems in word selection because of the lack of comprehensive and systematic collation and the proofreading is not rigorous.

This subject makes a comparative study of the part of Longkanshoujing cited in Sishengpianhai and the handed down Longkanshoujing. Found contents of the miscopied from Sishengpianhai quoted from the contents of Longkanshoujing by using the knowledge related to philology, phonology and exegesis, etc. Discussing the problems in copying and to sort out, classify and summarize them，explain the negative impact on future generations of calligraphy.

Key words:Sishengpianhai;Longkanshoujing;errors

目 录

1. 绪 论 1
   1. 解题 1
   2. 本课题研究现状 2
   3. 本课题的研究意义 3
   4. 研究方法和步骤 4
2. 字形方面存在的传抄讹误 5
   1. 笔画问题 5
      1. 增添笔画 5
      2. 缺减笔画 6
   2. 部件问题 6
      1. 部件减少 7
      2. 部件改变 7
   3. 杂糅的情况 9
3. 字音方面存在的传抄讹误 10
   1. 反切有误 10
      1. 反切上字有误 10
      2. 反切下字有误 10
   2. 直音有误 12
   3. 直音与反切不分 13
   4. 注音脱文 13
4. 字义方面存在的传抄讹误 14
   1. 释义中的字形讹化 14
   2. 释义夺字衍字问题 14

3.2.1 夺字 14

3.2.2 衍字 16