摘 要

英国诗歌的发展源远流长，各个阶段都有脍炙人口的诗歌流传下来，19 世纪的英国诗坛更是群星璀璨，异彩纷呈，在世界范围产生了极大影响。近年来， 随着经济全球化的发展，日趋严峻的生态危机正日益引起全球民众的关注，越来越多的专家学者开始研究英国浪漫主义诗歌内部的自然思想。本文从 19 世纪英

国浪漫主义诗歌的产生背景入手，引出诗人主要的创作主旨，进而详细阐述 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌中自然思想的形成原因。同时，结合诗人的作品对诗歌中的自然思想的内容进行分类总结，从回归自然、万物性灵与和谐共生这三个主要方面进行进一步的解析。最后，结合现代文学的发展趋势，阐述 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌中的自然思想对后世的影响。作为人类文学史上讴歌自然的典范的英国浪漫主义诗歌，尽管诗人对自然形象的选取和艺术表达方式各异，但他们的作品中都蕴涵着丰富的自然思想，自然的意识深深扎根于他们的诗篇，深刻地渗入了他们的诗歌创作理念。

关键词：英国浪漫主义；工业革命；自然思想；和谐共生；万物性灵

On the natural thought of English Romantic poetry in nineteenth Century

ABSTRACT

English poetry has a long history of development. Each stage has well-known poems have been handed down, 19th century British poetry is bright stars, colorful, in the world produced great influence. In recent years, with the development of economic globalization, the increasingly severe ecological crisis is increasingly causing the concern of the global public, more and more experts and scholars began to study the natural thought of literary works. Starting from the background of the generation of English Romantic poetry in nineteenth Century, this paper draws out the main creative ideas of the poets, and then expounds the reasons for the formation of the natural thought in the nineteenth Century British Romantic poetry. At the same time, the combination of the works of poets on poetry in the natural thought were summarized and classified, from the return to nature, all things for the spirit and harmonious coexistence of the three main aspects for further analysis. Finally, combined with the development trend of modern literature, this paper expounds the influence of the natural thought in the nineteenth Century British Romantic poetry on the later generations. As a model of human in the history of literature of eulogizing nature of English Romantic poetry, though the poet to the natural image selection and artistic expression in different ways, but their works contain rich thoughts of natural, natural awareness deeply rooted in their poems, deeply infiltrated their concept of poetry.

Key words: British Romanticism；Industrial Revolution；Natural ；Harmonious Coexistence；All Spiritual Care

目 录

引 言 .. - 1 -

1 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌产生的背景 ..................................... - 2

2 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌中自然思想形成的原因 ........................... - 3

2.1 在英国工业革命反思中应运而生的自然思想 .......................... - 3

2.2 自然神论引导下形成的自然思想 .................................... - 4

3 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌中自然思想的解析 ............................... - 6

3.1 英国浪漫主义诗歌的永恒追求——回归自然 .......................... - 6

3.2 英国浪漫主义诗歌的完美色调——万物性灵 .......................... - 8

3.3 英国浪漫主义诗歌的终极目标——和谐共生 .......................... - 9

4 19 世纪英国浪漫主义诗歌中的自然思想对后世的影响 ...................... - 12

结 语 ................................................................. - 14

致 谢 ................................................................. - 15

参考文献 ............................................................... - 16 -

引 言

从 1785 至 1825 年的四十年间，启蒙运动的兴起和工业革命的开展对当时的