汉语典故词音节数的计量分析

摘□要

典故词作为一门特殊的词类，人们对其关注并不是很多，就连“典故词”这一概念的正式提出，也是在二十世纪90年代以后。直到近些年来，人们才开始正视典故词，并着手典故词典的编纂和为典故溯源。近几年来，人们将研究的重点转向典故词语，并对典故词的构成成分、构成方式、词义演变、词义色彩等方面进行深入研究，但在其音节变化上的表述却只有寥寥几语，更未就典故词的音节模式进行更深层次的探讨。

本文选取《汉语典故大词典》中的典故词作为研究对象，主要做了以下四个方面的工作:首先对课题研究的历史和现状进行了梳理，厘清了相关概念，并就《汉语典故大词典》中的词条建立了语料库。其次是对典故词进行分类；然后就收录的典故词的音节数量进行了计量分析；最后着重探讨了典故词的音节模式。本文力图通过典故词音节数量的统计结果对其音节变化进行较为全面、系统的描写和研究，以加深人们对典故词的理解，同时也希望对典故词音节模式的研究起到一定的借鉴作用。

关键词：典故词；音节计量；音节模式；汉语典故大词典

A Econometric Analysis on the Syllable Quantity of Chinese Allusion-words

ABSTRACT

As a special vocabulary, the allusion-words have almost been ignored by the academic circles. And even the concept of allusion-words has been formally put forward since twentieth Century and 90s.In recent years, people began to pay attention to allusions, and started camping dictionaries and tracing the origin of allusions. Until the past few years, people finally focus on the study of the allusion-words, they do some more in-depth researches in many aspects, such as the composition of allusion-words, word-formation, the evolution of meaning, the color of meaning and so on. However, the expressions about the change of allusion-words’ syllable have only a few words, which don’t make discussions about the pattern of syllable in depth.

The thesis selects The Grand Dictionary of Chinese Allusions as the object of study. The thesis has four chapters. The first chapter summaries the history and current situation of research, it clarifies the related concepts, and the database of allusion-words was established. The second chapter is the classification of allusion-words. The third chapter is that the number of syllables of the enumerated words is measured and analyzed. Last but not least. The syllable pattern is analyzed. The thesis attempts to comprehensively describe and study the syllabic changes of allusion-words through syllabic number, it is aimed to deepen the people’s understanding of allusion-words, hoping to also make a reference of the syllable patterns for the study.

Key words：allusion-words；syllable analysis；syllable pattern；The Grand Dictionary of Chinese Allusions