摘 要

ABSTRACT II

1 前言 1

1.1 选题缘由、目的及意义 1

1.2 研究现状 1

2 “四大南戏”中女性自我意识的具体表现 2

2.1 女性自我意识在婚姻关系中的表现 2

2.1.1 追求男女平等的意识 2

2.1.2 “留守”环境下的独立意识 5

2.1.3 反对贞节烈妇的意识 8

2.2 女性自我意识在家庭关系中的表现 9

2.2.1 反抗父权的意识 9

2.2.2 姐妹情谊——自我意识觉醒的途径 9

3 “四大南戏”中女性自我意识的成因 10

3.1 政治因素 11

3.1.1 战乱时局 11

3.1.2 科举制度 12

3.2 文化因素 12

3.2.1 思想领域松动活跃的态势 12

3.2.2 南戏观众的需求 13

3.2.3 作者的创作意图 13

4 “四大南戏”中女性自我意识的文学意义 14

结 论 15

参考文献 16

附录A ：“四大南戏”中女性形象一览表 17

致 谢 20

摘要

《拜月亭记》《白兔记》《荆钗记》《杀狗记》被称为“四大南戏”，是北宋末至元末明初200年间中国南方最早兴起的戏曲剧种。戏中共塑造了十五位女性角色，各有侧重，推动着情节的发展。本文以“四大南戏”文本中的女性自我意识为研究对象，结合女性主义相关理论，运用文献研究法对荆、杀、拜、刘四部戏进行细致的文本解读，力求能集中分析元明过渡时期女性自我意识觉醒的具体表现，并从中探究女性自我意识形成原因、挖掘文学意义。

本文将从以下三个方面展开论述：

第一章主要是对“四大南戏”中所塑造的旦角进行细致研究，分别论述女性自我意识在婚姻关系、家庭关系中的具体表现。可具化为追求男女平等的意识、“留守”环境下的独立意识、反对贞节烈妇的意识、反抗父权的意识、姐妹情谊——自我意识觉醒的途径等。以此展现女性自我意识觉醒的轨迹。

第二章是研究“四大南戏”中女性自我意识的形成原因，女性自我意识大多源自女性特有的心理特征，往往在实现自身价值的觉醒过程中又与其所处的政治、文化环境以及受众需求、作者创作意图有着密不可分的关系。

第三章是对“四大南戏”中女性自我意识的文学意义进行简要说明。作品中所体现出的女性自我意识，既是作者女性观的体现，也是社会对女性态度变化的体现。

关键词：《荆钗记》；《拜月亭记》；《白兔记》；《杀狗记》；女性自我意识

ABSTRACT

"Bai Yue Ting Ji ", "White Rabbit", "Jing Chai ji " ,"The Killing of Dogs " is called the "The Chinese Four Southern Operas"and is the earliest drama in South China during the 200 years between the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty .In the plays ,a total of fifteen female characters were created ,each with their own emphasis ,which promoted the development of the plot .The change in his thinking outlines a tortuous path of transformation. This article takes the female

 self-consciousness in the “Four Southern Operas” text as the research object, combines feminist related theories, and uses literature research methods to meticulously interpret the Jing, Sha, Bai and Liu operas in an effort to focus on analyzing the transition from Yuan to Ming. The specific manifestations of female self-consciousness during the period, and explored the reasons for the formation of female self-consciousness and the literary significance.
This article will discuss the following three aspects:
The first chapter focuses on the careful study of the female character created in the "Four Southern Operas " and discusses the concrete manifestations of woman 's self-consciousness in marital relations and family relations .It can be turned into the pursuit of equality of equality between men and women , the sense of independence in the "left behind" environment , the opposition to chastity and fierce consciousness , the awareness of resistance to patriarchy ,and the friendship of sisters- the awakening of self-consciousness. In order to demonstrate the awakening of woman's self-consciousness.

The second chapter is the study of the causes of female self-consciousness in the "Four Southern Operas". Woman's self-consciousness mostly originates from the unique psychological characteristics of females . It is often in the process of realizing the awakening of their own values ,but also in the political and cultural environment and audience.There is an inseparable relationship between the needs and the author's creative intentions.

The third chapter is a brief description of the literary meaning of female self-consciousness in the "Four Southern Operas". The female self-consciousness embodied in the works is not only the embodiment of the author's female view, but also the manifestation of the society's change of female attitude.