摘 要

汉语词汇是汉语的建筑材料，是传递言语信息的重要媒介。因而，词汇教学是对外汉语教学的重要环节。词汇教学的方法多种多样，本文主要介绍的是与刻意习得相对的伴随性习得如何针对不同学习水平的学生进行课堂教学的问题。本文主要分为以下五个部分：

第一部分为引言，主要介绍词汇教学在对外汉语教学中的重要性。

第二部分简要描述伴随性习得目前在国内外的研究情况，这一部分将明确阐述伴随性词汇习得的概念和该方式的优缺点等。

第三部分主要概括影响伴随性习得的三个因素，分别是词汇量、复现率和词义的呈现方式。

第四部分详细阐明伴随性习得在词汇教学中的具体运用。这一部分将探讨伴随性习得在对外汉语教学中可以如何实践和应用。

第五部分为本文结论，主要针对全文论述的优缺点进行总结。

为了更科学系统地将伴随性习得应用于对外汉语词汇教学中，本文中提到的这些实践方式仍需进行深入的实验研究和改进。同时，伴随性习得这个学习方式本身目前在国内的研究仍不十分完善，需要许多对外汉语教学研究者的共同努力。但可以肯定，伴随性习得对以汉语为第二语言的学习者新词的学习以及词汇量的积累有重要作用。

关键词：伴随性习得；对外汉语；词汇教学

A Brief Analysis of the Application of Incidental Acquisition in the Vocabulary Teaching of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

ABSTRACT

Chinese vocabulary is the building material of Chinese, and the important medium for conveying verbal information. Therefore, vocabulary teaching is an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. There are many ways to teach vocabulary. This paper mainly introduces the problem how to use incidental acquisition which is relative to intentional acquisition conduct classroom teaching for different levels of students. This paper is divided into the following five parts:

Part one is the introduction that mainly introduces the importance of vocabulary teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

Part two briefly descripts the domestic and foreign research of incidental acquisition at present. This part will clearly explain the concept of incidental acquisition, and its merit and demerit.

Part there states there main factors that influence the incidental acquisition: vocabulary, repetition rate, and the presentation of meaning.

Part four details the specific application of incidental acquisition in the vocabulary teaching. This part will discuss how to practice and apply incidental acquisition in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

Part five is the conclusion that summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of this paper.

For more scientific and systematic application of incidental acquisition in the vocabulary teaching of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, these practice methods that mentioned in this paper still need in-depth experimental research and improvement. Meanwhile, the domestic and foreign research of this method of acquisition itself is not perfect at present. We need the joint efforts of many scholars. But surely, it’s important of incidental acquisition for learners of Chinese as a second language to learn new words and accumulate vocabulary.

Key words: incidental acquisition; teaching Chinese as a foreign language; vocabulary teaching

目录

摘要 2

ABSTRACT 3

1.引言 5

2.伴随性习得综述 5

3影响伴随性词汇习得的因素 6

3.1词汇量的要求 7

3.2 生词的复现率 7

3.3 词义的呈现方式 7

4.伴随性习得在词汇教学中的应用 8

4.1初级阶段的词汇教学 9

4.2中级阶段的词汇教学 10

4.3高级阶段的词汇教学 12

5.结 论 14

致 谢 15

参考文献 16

1.引言

由于词汇在汉语中的重要地位，对汉语词汇教学的研究一直是对外汉语教学研究领域中的核心和难题之一。词汇的变革反映着社会发展和语言发展的进程，是整个语言的核心内容，贯穿着整个语言习得的始终。因此，词汇的学习与习得对于以汉语为第二语言的教学来说十分重要，词汇教学的效果将直接影响着留学生的汉语应用能力和交际能力。

一种语言的词汇数量是庞大的，根据某些词典所收录的词目数量来看，汉语词汇至少有四五十万个，这么大的词汇量，对于大多数母语为印欧语系的第二语言学习者来说是亟待解决的难题，他们不可能也不需要对所有汉语词汇都完全掌握。因此，如何帮助学习者有效地习得词汇，并能帮助学习者摆脱死记硬背的负担，可以说是对外汉语教学研究的核心。由于词汇教学的重要性，国外的学者对此进行了大量的实验研究，并首先发现了伴随性习得的学习方式，并随着语言教学研究者的重视程度的加深，这一方面的研究逐渐丰富起来。