摘 要

虚词包括了介词、连词、副词、助词、语气词等，介词是其特殊的一类虚词， 大多数介词是从动词虚化而来，介词与动词关系比较密切，同时其丰富且重要的语法功能使得介词在汉语语法体系中具有重要的地位。本篇论文在前人的研究基础之上，选取其中研究较少的小说集《大唐新语》，从时间、处所、方位介词这

3 个方面进行古代汉语演变的深入解析。关于《大唐新语》时间、处所、方位介

词的研究，本篇论文将其分为 5 个部分，分别为绪论、时间介词研究、处所介词研究、方位介词研究以及结语。具体细节如下：

论文的第 1 部分是前言部分，主要是对《大唐新语》的研究现状、介词的定义以及鉴别标准这些方面进行论述和说明，从而我们可以对《大唐新语》有一个初步的了解，以及正确区分介词与动词。论文的第 2 部分主要对《大唐新语》中的时间介词进行具体的分析，将《大唐新语》中的时间介词细分为起始点、正当、终到点、时点、临近点、时机、经过这 6 类，从语法位置、语法意义以及介词使

用频率 3 个角度对这 6 类时间介词进行具体的分析和研究，从而勾勒出《大唐新

语》时间介词的概貌。论文的第 3 部分主要对《大唐新语》中的处所介词进行具体的分析，将《大唐新语》中的处所介词细分为始发处、所在处、终到处、临近处、方向、经由、沿途这 7 类，从语法位置、语法意义以及介词使用频率 3 个角

度对这 7 类处所介词进行具体的分析和研究，从而勾勒出《大唐新语》处所介词

的概貌。论文的第 4 部主要对《大唐新语》中的方位介词进行具体的分析，从语

法位置、语法意义以及介词使用频率 3 个角度对这类方位介词进行具体的分析和

研究，从而勾勒出《大唐新语》方位介词的概貌。论文的第 5 部分是结语部分，

总结得出《大唐新语》中时间、处所、方位这 3 类介词的共性特征与个性特征。总体而言，《大唐新语》这部著作处于中古汉语和近代汉语的过渡时期，在

汉语史上起着承上启下的作用，兼具了两个时期的语法特点，对于汉语史的研究具有重要的意义。

关键词：《大唐新语》；时间介词；处所介词；方位介词

Research on Prepositions of Time, Place and Location in

New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty

ABSTRACT

The function words include prepositions, conjunctions, adverbs, auxiliary words, tone words. Preposition is a special kind of words. Most of prepositions are from the grammaticalization of verbs, so prepositions and verbs are closely related. And the rich and important grammatical function of the prepositions has an important position in the system of Chinese grammar. On the basis of previous studies, this paper selects New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty to analyze the evolution of ancient Chinese from

3 aspects: time, place and location. This paper is divided into 5 parts, namely, introduction, the study of time prepositions, the study of place prepositions, the study of location prepositions and the conclusion. Details are as follows:

The first part is the introduction. We mainly discuss and illustrate the research status of New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty. And preposition definition and identification standard are also discussed and illustrated. Thus we can have a preliminary understanding of New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty and correctly distinguish prepositions and verbs. The second part mainly conducts a specific analysis on the time prepositions. The time prepositions are divided into 6 aspects,namely, the starting point, appropriate time point,ending point, time point,nearing point,time and time point of passage.We study and analyze the time prepositions from 3 angles of grammatical positions, grammatical meaning and prepositional usage frequency, which outlines the picture of the time prepositions. The third part mainly conducts a specific analysis on the place prepositions. The place prepositions are divided into 7 aspects,namely, place of origin, place, the last place to arrive, nearing place, direction, passing place, and place along the way. We study and analyze the place prepositions from 3 angles of grammatical positions, grammatical meaning and prepositional usage frequency, which outlines the picture of the place prepositions. The fourth part mainly carries on the concrete analysis of the location prepositions of New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty from 3 aspects of grammatical positions, grammatical meaning and prepositional usage frequency , which outlines the picture of the location prepositions. The fifth part of the thesis is the conclusion, which summarizes the common characteristics and specific characteristics of the time, place and location prepositions in New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty.

Overall, New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty is in the transitional period between the middle ancient Chinese and modern Chinese and plays an important role in the history of Chinese language, thus possessing the grammatical features of the two period. So research on prepositions of time, place and location in New Anecdotes of the Tang Dynasty is of great significance for the study of Chinese history.