《型世言》语气词研究毕业论文

 2021-04-03 10:04

摘 要

《型世言》是一本拟话本小说集,作者明代陆人龙,拟话本小说正是明代时流行起的一种短片小说创作形式,是白话小说。其原名为《峥霄馆评定通俗演义型世言》又叫做《三刻拍案惊奇》。由于这本著作在文学史上湮没较久,很少为人所知,但其中的语言具有明末清初的汉语面貌,可作为明末清初汉语语言的研究。其内容上说教味过重, 但仍具有体现语气词用法的故事情节,所以本文选择了《型世言》为对象,并对其中的语气词作了全面的分析研究,希望能够对那一时期语气词的发展情况有一定的认识见解,以及对语气词的发展情况起到一定的增补作用。

本文在对《型世言》的作者生平及意义内容做了简要的介绍,重点对文中语气词做出详细分析。由于《型世言》是本白话小说,但是仍然存在文言文,所以将文中的语气词分为文言语气词和白话语气词进行具体分析,在文言语气词选择了"也”、"矣”、" 乎”为例,白话语气词中选择了"的”、"了”两个文中最常用的语气词进行分析,并分别对每一个语气词的每一种用法做出举例说明。

关键词:《型世言》;语气词;文言词;白话文

The type who study of modal particles

Abstract

"Xin Shi Yan" is a collection of short stories called “NiHuaBen”,the author is Lu Ren - long in Ming Dynasty. “NiHuaBen” is a kind of short story form of the novel and it is popular during Ming Dynasty, is the vernacular novels. It was originally called

"Zheng Xiao Kan Shi Yan assessed Popular Romance" also called "Three Moment of Surprises." As this book is neglected during the long time in literary history and is known by little people, but the language in it has a seventeenth-century Chinese landscape. So it can be the study of Chinese language in Ming and Qing . Its contents’ didactic feeling is too heavy, but it still own the storyline, which reflects tone of the word usage . So this paper selects "Xin Shi Yan" as the object, and comprehensively analyzes the tone of the words. We hope that we can get some understanding of ideas of Modal word developments in that period, as well as play a supplementary role in the development of Modal.

This article briefly introduces the author's life and significance of the contents in "Xin Shi Yan" , and focuses on detailed Modal analysis of this paper. As the "Xin Shi Yan" is the vernacular fiction, but there are still classical essays. So the paper separates the text of the Modal into Classical Modal and vernacular Modal and does specific analysis: in the classical tone,it chosen the word "also", "yet", "ah"as an example;in vernacular tone,it selected word" of "," le ", which are two most commonly used in text, and separately make the tone of illustration for each type of use of each word.

Key words: "type the word"; Modal particles. Words; The vernacular

目 录

  1. 引言 1
  2. 《型世言》中的语气词概况 3
    1. 《型世言》中文言文语气词分析 3

2 . 1 . 1 “也” 3

2 . 1 . 2 “ 矣” 5

2 . 1 . 3 “乎” 7

    1. 《型世言》中的白话语气词分析 9

2 . 2 . 1 “的” 9

2 . 2 . 2 “了” 11

结 语 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1 5 致 谢 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1 6 参考文献 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1 7

1 引言

明代崇祯年间的拟话本小说集《型世言》是当时拟话本小说流行时的一力作, 小说作者是陆人龙,这本书与明代著名文学家冯梦龙的"三言”《喻世明言》《警世通言》《醒世恒言》意义上相似,都主要是为了劝诫引导教化,强调了感情和行为,且都为白话短片小说。有关于《型世言》这本小说题目命名,作者的哥哥陆云龙的解释总结来说是为了"以为世型”、"树型今世”。这本书在明末清初后逐步消失人们视野,再次回到中国已是 1987 年。

《型世言》的作者陆人龙,著名的杭州峥霄馆书坊的主人陆云龙即是其兄, 更是这本书的刊行者和评点者。兄弟二人年幼时家境清贫,但陆云龙不畏惧艰苦的环境,自幼好学。有远大的抱负和理想,他这个人虽自负但才高,可惜最终也没有涉足仕途,一展其胸中宏图。科举场上,屡试不中,自认为是天降摧折。为谋生曾当过私塾老师,期间也是一边教学,一边自修。生活条件一日不如一日, 科举更是无望,不得已的情况下只好专心于著述,兼经营书坊。明亡不久,陆云龙便在自身生活的困苦以及忧国之悲愤中去世,他所经营的峥霄馆书坊可能也在这一时期败落了。至于陆人龙,我们知道的就更少了。通过、“钱塘君翼陆人龙”、

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