摘 要

《铁皮鼓》作为二十世纪最为杰出的德国战后反思文学作品，将真实的历史与荒诞魔幻的人物情节交织，以嬉戏姿态诉说那段沉痛的过往。这不仅是一部格拉斯个人关于战争的忏悔录，更是为全人类书写的启示录。书中所绘制的小市民众生相，反映了特殊时代背景下被异化的大众群体。本论文着眼关注这一基数庞大的普通小市民群体，通过对这一群体形象的分析，探讨其背后所蕴含的深刻意义。首先，从格拉斯所处的时代背景及生活经历出发，分析其生平背景对于作品创作的影响。其次，关注格拉斯对小市民社会整体的描绘，从单个小家庭到整个社会，以小见大，揭示小市民群体的共性。同时，探讨小市民形象塑造的意义。格拉斯对于特殊环境下各类小市民细致入微的刻画，为读者展现出了小市民阶层的真面目和人性之中鲜为人知的一面，具有深刻的现实意义。最后，通过对小市民习气形成原因及影响的探讨，揭示其背后的历史启示。格拉斯正是通过对这一群体的塑造来敲打当代每一个迷茫的人，无论是战争一代还是战争后代，只有正视自己与父辈们的罪责，用理性剔除愚昧，才能避免“暴力”再一次滋生。这也是本文论证的初衷所在。

关键词：铁皮鼓；小市民社会；形象塑造；异化

On the practical significance of petty philistine image of the Die Blechtrommel

ABSTRACT

The Die Blechtrommel, as the most prominent work of postwar German literature in 20th century, is a mixture of true history and magical characters with the absurd plots. It tells the painful past in a playful manner. This is not only a personal regrets about the war, but also a revelation for all humanity. The people being drawn in the book, reflects the special background of alienated masses. This thesis concerns about the ordinary people and discusses the significance and historical inspiration through analysis of those petty philistine. First of all, it analyzes the influence on Grass’s creations, according to his background and life experiences. Secondly, it focuses on the overall description of the petty philistine society, from single families to society. Also, it discusses on the significance of the image of ordinary people. With all kinds of nuanced depiction of ordinary people under special circumstances, Grass vividly reveals the true features of the petty philistine and little-known side of human nature, which containing profound significance. Finally, through the discussion of bad habits and effects on the public, the paper tries to draw out the historical inspiration behind the work. Grass aims to warn each lost person today by shaping the group of petty philistine. Whether it be a person who has witnessed the war or generations, one has to face the guilt with his fathers and eliminate ignorance in a rational manner, in order to avoid “violence”. This is the original intention of this thesis.

Key words：Die Blechtrommel; petty philistine society; image; alienation

目 录

前言 .. - 1 -

1 作者的生平背景对《铁皮鼓》创作的影响 ............................................. - 2

1.1 作者所处的时代背景对其创作的总体影响 ...................................... - 2

1.2 作者的生平背景对《铁皮鼓》创作的影响 ...................................... - 3

2 《铁皮鼓》中小市民社会的分析 ..................................................... - 5

2.1 小家庭中的混乱生活 ....................................................... - 5

2.2 邻里间的下流事 ........................................................... - 6

2.3 形形色色的社会群像 ....................................................... - 7

2.3.1 演讲台下的圆舞曲 ................................................... - 7

2.3.2 被引诱的盗贼们 ..................................................... - 8

2.3.3 战后催泪的洋葱地窖 ................................................. - 8